Analysis on the application and development trend

With the improvement of people's living standards and the development of construction industry, ordinary glass can no longer meet the needs of society, and all kinds of safety glass and special glass have gradually entered the forefront of the glass industry

as a member of safety glass, fire-proof glass not only has some properties of ordinary glass, but also gradually gets people's favor for its resistance to fire spread and heat insulation. In case of fire, it creates important conditions for the rescue of personnel, property and buildings, and minimizes losses. It plays a decisive role in some important occasions with special requirements

with the introduction of the new national standard for the decomposition of fire-proof glass and the generation of gas in 2001, monolithic fire-proof glass is increasingly used in large-scale public building partitions, fire compartments, outdoor curtain walls and other building parts. Fire-proof glass is transparent, which maximizes the harmony and unity of building fire prevention and architectural aesthetics

classification of fire-proof glass in terms of basic performance requirements of fire-proof glass, national standard gb15763 Strict regulations have been made in. Fire resistant glass is divided into four grades: 30min, 45min, 60min and 90min

in order to meet the performance requirements of fire-proof glass, the size, thickness, appearance quality, bending, optical properties, heat resistance, radiation resistance, mechanical properties, impact resistance and other aspects of fire-proof glass must comply with the national standard gb15763 Uniform provisions in. All kinds of fire-proof glass products must pass the inspection of the quality supervision and inspection center designated by the state, and can be sold, installed and used only after the product certificate is issued

according to the national standard gb15763, At present, fire-proof glass in China can be classified from the aspects of application, fire resistance, glass structure and so on

according to the purpose, fire-proof glass can be divided into: Class A: fire-proof glass for building and other fire-proof glass; Class B: Marine fire-proof glass

it is divided into three classes a, B and C according to the fire resistance of fire-proof glass. Class A: fireproof glass that meets the requirements of fire integrity and fire insulation at the same time. Class B: fireproof glass that meets the requirements of fire integrity and thermal radiation intensity at the same time. Class C: fireproof glass that only meets the fire integrity requirements

according to the classification of fire-proof glass structure, paart is considering adding a new Licensor fire-proof glass in Europe: composite fire-proof glass (FFB): special glass composed of two or more layers of glass or one layer of glass and organic materials, which can meet the requirements of corresponding fire resistance rating. Single piece fireproof glass (DFB): it is a special glass composed of single-layer glass and can meet the requirements of corresponding fire resistance rating. This single-layer fire-proof glass has three different varieties, which are: high-strength single-chip fire-proof glass with comprehensive reinforcement treatment; Glass with low coefficient of thermal expansion and softening point temperature higher than 800 ℃; Transparent glass ceramics plate

brief introduction to the main production process of fire-proof glass composite fire-proof glass ordinary composite fire-proof glass. Composite fire-proof glass is a transparent and flame-retardant gel condensed between two pieces of glass. This gel will decompose and absorb heat when encountering high temperature, which can absorb a large amount of heat energy, become opaque and have good heat insulation effect. It can be kept within a certain period of time without cracking, and the fragments will not fall after cracking. It can isolate the flame and prevent the flame from spreading. If flame retardant is added to gel at the same time, it can emit flame retardant gas at high temperature, which will have flame retardant and fire extinguishing functions at the same time; When a fire occurs, the glass on the side in contact with the fire first meets the fire and bursts after a few minutes, while the intermediate sandwich material gradually turns into a layer of bubble like material, forming a thick and dense bubble like fire-resistant insulation layer. The glass fragments on the side in contact with the fire always stick to the bubble like layer until they melt. In this way, the glass on the back of the fire is always protected and shielded. In the fire test, the average temperature rise of the back fire surface of the glass shall not exceed 140 ℃

the production methods of composite fire-proof glass are divided into two types: sandwich method and grouting method

wired fire-proof glass. Wired fireproof glass is a composite composed of metal wires added into the interlayer of organic film or inorganic paste between two layers of glass. After adding the wire, not only the overall impact strength of the fire-proof glass is improved, but also it can be connected with the electric heating and safety alarm system, playing a variety of functions

the two layers of glass of wired fireproof glass are inorganic glass, mainly including float glass, tempered glass, ITO conductive film glass, etc., the organic film is PVB film or PVC film, the inorganic paste is hydrated metal salt plus sodium silicate, silicate, aluminate, etc., and the metal wire is stainless steel wire

monolithic fireproof glass

due to the poor weather resistance of grouting composite fireproof glass, many large foreign glass groups, such as AGC company in Japan, Schott company in Germany and Saint Gobain company in France, are actively studying monolithic fireproof glass. This kind of fireproof glass has good weather resistance, never fades and does not lose transparency, which fully reflects the crystal clear characteristics of the glass. For example, the monolithic fire-proof glass pyran of German Schott company has been used on the indoor partitions of many occasions, such as the stands of Sheffield stadium in the UK, Manchester airport in the UK, London tobacco company, HSBC Bank in Hong Kong and so on. The monolithic fireproof glass of Saint Gobain company of France has been used in projects such as Shanghai Grand Theater

single piece special fireproof glass. Special monolithic fireproof glass refers to the glass with special composition as the glass substrate, rather than the glass with ordinary flat glass composition. It mainly includes borosilicate fireproof glass, aluminosilicate fireproof glass, microcrystalline fireproof glass and sodium calcium material high-quality float glass with softening temperature higher than 800 ℃. Its common main characteristics are: the softening point of glass is high, which is generally above 00 ℃ after the completion of 8 land reclamation, and the coefficient of thermal expansion is low. Generally, it will not crack or deform due to high temperature under strong flame. In particular, microcrystalline fireproof glass, in addition to the above characteristics, also has high mechanical strength, high flexural and compressive strength, and good chemical stability and physical and mechanical properties. It also has the advantages of high softening temperature and low coefficient of thermal expansion. They can be used as fire-proof glass, which can be first-class products. However, the production cost of fire-proof glass of special materials (boron, aluminosilicate fire-proof glass, microcrystalline fire-proof glass) is high, the market price is expensive, and it is difficult for people to accept it. Therefore, at present, the market is still dominated by transparent composite laminated fire-proof glass and high-strength monolithic fire-proof glass

there are several kinds of special monolithic fire-proof glass as follows

a, borosilicate fire-proof glass

the chemical composition of borosilicate fire-proof glass is between 70% and 80%, the content of B2O3 is 8% to 13%, the content of Al2O3 is 2% to 4%, and the content of R2O is 4% to 10%. This kind of glass is characterized by high softening point temperature, low coefficient of thermal expansion and stable chemical properties through the analysis of the quality of molten aluminum in each work area and the evaluation of the operation of the electrolytic cell. The softening point is about 850 ℃, and the thermal expansion coefficient is (3 ~ 40) at 0 ~ 300 ℃ ×/℃。

b, aluminosilicate glass

chemical composition of aluminosilicate glass: SiO2 content is between 55% and 60%, B2O3 content is 5% to 8%, Al2O3 content is 18% to 25%, R2O content is 0.5% to 1.0%, cao4.5% to 8.0%, mgo6% to 9%

this kind of glass is characterized by high Al2O3 content, low alkali content and high softening point temperature. It will not burst or deform when heated directly on the flame. The softening point is between 900 ~ 920 ℃, and the thermal expansion coefficient is (5 ~ 7) ×/℃。

c, transparent microcrystalline fire-proof glass

microcrystalline fire-proof glass is a polycrystal formed by adding Li2O, TiO2, ZrO2 and other nucleating agents to a certain chemical composition of the glass, and then heat treating the glass after melting, so that the microcrystalline precipitates and grows evenly. The characteristics of this glass are: good chemical stability and physical and mechanical properties, high mechanical strength, high flexural and compressive strength, high softening temperature and small coefficient of thermal expansion

single piece float fireproof glass. According to the information, Japanese saltpeter introduced a float fire-proof glass composed of sodium and calcium with a softening point higher than 780 ℃, which attracted the attention of glass merchants. Its introduction is as follows:

Japan's saltpeter has introduced a kind of fire-proof glass that can be used for the industrialized manufacture of float method. Its characteristic is that the softening point is higher than 780 ℃ and it is difficult to soften. This kind of glass belongs to soda lime glass

ordinary soda lime flat glass is not fireproof, and it often needs comprehensive strengthening treatment. It has high bending strength and can be used as fireproof glass. Although the softening temperature of borosilicate glass is high, due to high melting temperature and high viscosity, it is difficult to industrialize large-scale flat plates, and boron containing glass significantly reduces the furnace life. The patented fire-proof glass based on soda lime glass is suitable for float production. Although ordinary fireproof glass can stop the spread of fire in the early stage of fire, it softens and deforms due to high temperature in the later stage. According to the relevant regulations of the Japanese government: the standard of class a fire door is 770 ~ 780 ℃, which can withstand 60min, and the glass will not fall off the door frame due to softening. The softening temperature of the patented flat glass is higher than 780 ℃, and it is difficult to soften, which can meet this requirement. The patented glass is suitable for large-scale float production, and the glass can meet the requirements of class a fire doors

high strength monolithic fireproof glass. High strength monolithic fireproof glass is made by Comprehensively Strengthening flat glass. The product can not only be used as a single piece, but also made into laminated glass, insulating glass, coated glass, etc. It has the functions of toughened glass and grouting composite fire-proof glass. As the glass used for building curtain wall, high-strength monolithic fire-proof glass not only has the same light transmittance as float flat glass with the same thickness, but also its specific gravity is basically the same as float flat glass with the same thickness. Therefore, the replacement of high-strength monolithic fire-proof glass with tempered glass with the same thickness will not affect the structural safety of glass curtain wall, but also has higher strength and is not easy to break

the excellent performance of high-strength monolithic fire-proof glass is embodied in the following aspects

-- high fire-proof performance: high-strength monolithic fire-proof glass is a kind of curtain wall or door and window glass for building exterior walls with fire-proof function. It can keep 96 ~ 183 minutes from cracking under the impact of 1000 ℃ flame, so as to effectively prevent the spread of flame and smoke, which is conducive to finding the fire ahead of time and giving people enough time to evacuate the site

-- high strength performance: under the same thickness, its strength is 6 ~ 12 times that of ordinary float glass and 1.5 ~ 3 times that of tempered glass. Therefore, under the same wind pressure, it can adopt a thinner thickness or a larger area design, thereby increasing the permeability and reducing the cost. Ordinary tempered glass is broken when the load is 900kg, but its deflection is 326mm when the load reaches 5500kg. The strength of high-strength monolithic fire-proof glass is 4 ~ 6 times that of flat glass with the same thickness, and 1.5 ~ 2 times that of tempered glass with the same thickness. In case of damage, the high-strength monolithic fire-proof glass is in small particles and obtuse angles, so as to ensure that it will not cause great damage to human body in case of earthquake, fire or super destructive force

-- high weather resistance: compared with traditional grouted or laminated fire-proof glass, high-strength monolithic fire-proof glass has high strength and high weather resistance. Chemical grouting or laminated glass will soon turn milky white and produce bubbles under UV irradiation, losing the basic function of glass permeability, which is also the reason why fireproof glass cannot